JSON-LD vs. Microdata vs. RDFa
Google recommends JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data) as the preferred format. It is embedded as a separate `<script>` tag in the head and is decoupled from the HTML markup — easier to maintain and less error-prone. Microdata and RDFa are written directly into HTML attributes and are more tightly coupled to the DOM, which can lead to conflicts on complex pages. JSON-LD is the modern standard.